Optical fiber technology in the hottest network ca

Optical fiber technology in network cabling

after reviewing the development process of network, we will feel that the development of network is changing with each passing day. Almost every few years, the application of network is updated and upgraded, and the continuous development of network application puts forward the requirements of higher bandwidth and other related performance. With the popularization and application of Gigabit and 10 Gigabit networks, in our traditional cabling system, copper cable system seems to be only used in the end user part. 2 Data collection of copper tube pulse fatigue life testing machine. Facing the situation of increasing demand, optical fiber cabling products have become an indispensable part of network cabling design and have been widely used in cabling networks. This is because optical fiber has incomparable advantages over copper cable products. At present, optical fiber systems have not only been widely used in backbone cabling systems, but also entered horizontal and desktop applications. In the wiring system, the transmission medium is like a highway or bridge in the traffic network. The safe operation of all networks and the correctness of information transmission between various parts must be based on the safety, stability and reliability of the wiring system, which is crucial. If the reliability of the components of the wiring system is uncertain, the safety of network operation on this basis will become more unpredictable and guaranteed. Therefore, the most basic condition for the safe operation of the network is to ensure the safety, reliability and effectiveness of the transmission medium. It is necessary to achieve a high degree of security and stability of the network wiring connection components and good matching between components, reduce the loss of signals as much as possible, and provide sufficient transmission capacity to support today's and tomorrow's application needs. Since the signal transmitted in the copper cable network is an electrical signal, while the signal transmitted in the optical fiber network is an optical signal, many parameter indicators are different when examining the performance of different network media. However, whether the electrical signal or the optical signal, insertion loss, return loss, noise interference and so on are the main factors affecting the network performance, Of course, the network performance degradation caused by the mismatch between the connectors is also attributed to the above factors. Here, we will only discuss the optical fiber network

in the current general optical fiber wiring network, due to the generally stable process and quality of the optical fibers used in wiring, the characteristics of optical cables and various optical fiber connectors, jumpers, pigtails and other components composed of stable and reliable optical fibers are mostly relatively stable, and D. in the actual use of wiring, they are relatively fixed, Therefore, most of the reasons that may actually affect the stability of the optical fiber network are focused on the optical fiber connection technology. Below, we analyze and discuss the currently commonly used optical fiber connection technology:

1. Fusion method: optical fiber fusion is a more commonly used connection method at present. Relatively speaking, fusion is a method with high success rate and connection quality, but at the same time, we should also note that, The welded joint is one of the main factors that are prone to damage or failure. Because the maintenance operation of the equipment is necessary in the process of use and maintenance, its safety is an issue that we must consider. Under normal circumstances, the welding can get a small connection loss, which is generally below 0.2db, but the return loss is not easy to control. At the same time, in the process of optical fiber welding, there are many external factors that affect the welding quality, such as environmental conditions (including temperature, wind, dust, etc.), the proficiency of operation (including the preparation of optical fiber end face, the aging degree of electrode rod) The matching of optical fiber (including the matching of optical fiber, pigtail type and optical fiber manufacturer), etc. if the multi-core ribbon fiber connector such as MTP, which is not widely used in China at present, is adopted, the ribbon fiber welding machine can not avoid the realization of excessive loss of individual optical fibers in the welding process; Moreover, experience tells us that the true loss value of fusion must be obtained through testing. When the number of optical fiber cores is large, it is easy to damage the completed ones. In the test stage, if the test results are not ideal or up to standard, they should be re selected and reworked; After the network has been used, if the network cabinet or terminal needs to move its position, the optical fiber link must be interrupted, and it must be re fused at the new position, etc; All of the above possibilities make us pay a lot of labor and pay more attention to the safety of optical fiber during welding

2. Methods of cold connection or on-site grinding of optical fiber connectors: all colleagues who have been engaged in factory manufacturing and production of optical fiber products should be very aware of this. On site grinding and factory manufacturing are two completely different methods that cannot be compared. The factory adopts the five grinding process from coarse to fine of a special grinding machine, and the on-site manual grinding is unable to adjust the pressure and maintain consistency. Perhaps in the traditional low-speed networks in the past, even if the insertion loss and return loss exceed the standard and the connection is unstable, it may be acceptable for the network application, because the optical fiber has enough margin to absorb the impact of these factors. However, in today's increasingly high-performance networks, many indicators and parameters are extremely sensitive, because the link can't meet the design requirements or takes time and effort, which makes the designer or constructor puzzled, The loss exceeds the requirements of network design, and the test fails from time to time. As a result, the construction period is delayed, the design is changed or the planning is re planned. In view of the actual situation of the above design and construction, in order to solve the problems that may be encountered in the optical fiber connection, make the design, construction, maintenance and use more reliable and stable, and make the system change easier to operate, Germany Rosenberg developed the pre connection technology preconnect?, According to the actual needs of the site, PE or LSZH indoor or outdoor optical cables with pre terminated connectors at both ends can be selected. The pre connected optical cables adopt special branch components to turn the bare optical fibers in the optical cables into tensile and compressive at the output end φ 3.0 or φ 2.0 optical cable, which can eliminate the damage or safety impact of various uncertain factors on the optical fiber link in the design, construction and use of optical fiber network to the greatest extent, and fully ensure the safety of the system and meet the purpose of design requirements

pre connection optical cable and installation construction flow chart compared with several methods of traditional optical fiber terminals, the pre connection technology adopts the optical fiber direct connection method, that is, the optical fiber has no connection point. According to the requirements of customers, the products are customized by the factory and grinded by standard procedures. All technical indicators comply with IEC, TIA and relevant standards. In this regard, the technical indicators far exceed the connectors ground on site. At the same time, the optical cable structure is also different from the indoor flexible optical cable widely used in China. In order to ensure that the optical cable has sufficient mechanical properties, Its structure is a 2-core to 144 core central bundle tube type or multi bundle tube layer twisted indoor or outdoor optical cable. The oil filled structure also ensures the environment and water resistance characteristics of the optical cable. In the output part of the optical cable, there is no fusion or other mechanical connection methods to eliminate the possible adverse consequences caused by the existence of contacts. Users get the optical cable products specified in the test indicators without any possible additional factors, Make the design or construction of the network easier to control. In addition, because the pre connection adopts special optical cable branch components, and the plug-in structure can firmly fix the optical cable on the special frame, so as to ensure that the 50kg tension distribution box is not deformed. At the same time, the rectangular card interface can prevent the stress release during the use of the optical cable, so that the optical fiber link between the two end connectors is always in a free and loose state, so as to avoid the extrusion of the outer skin of the optical cable Stretching or twisting will affect the performance of the optical fiber, so as to ensure the safety of the optical fiber network and the owner's investment to the greatest extent. From the above structural characteristics, we can see that the type of optical fiber connector used in the pre installation is variable, which mainly depends on the design and customer needs. If the multi-core MTP connector mentioned above is adopted, it will have more advantages, completely eliminating the influence of various unfavorable factors in the multi-core optical fiber connection, so that users can achieve the ideal application effect. For the majority of engineering personnel, the next content is closely related to the actual project, "how to conduct the installation process of pre connected optical cables?" At the same time of product research and development, we specially designed the installation protection pipe for this purpose. Its function is: first, to ensure that the optical cable can bear sufficient strength when placed in the pipeline or bridge, and at the same time, the sealed structure ensures the dust-proof and water-proof performance during the installation process. Therefore, its installation can be the same as the previous construction, without any damage to the optical fiber and optical cable, and the waterproof and protection levels reach ip50 and IP67 respectively. Finally, the advantage of the pre connection method is also reflected in the improvement and upgrading of the network. As mentioned above, the rapid application of the network will inevitably lead to the change and modification of the network. However, due to the characteristics of the connection method used in the past, in many cases, customers will give up because of the complexity of the project, which may eventually make the structure of the computer room unreasonable after capacity expansion, and the use and maintenance become complex and cumbersome, The characteristics of the plug-in and use mode of the pre connected optical cable solve this problem very well. If the network terminal moves or the path changes, the customer only needs to choose the appropriate time to pull the pre connected optical cable out of the rack, and then re clamp and fix the optical cable branch on the new rack. The whole process takes only dozens of minutes

combined with the above analysis, we summarize several characteristics of the application of pre connected optical cables:

1) to protect the effectiveness and safety of the owner's investment, pre connected optical cables must be customized, and higher requirements must be put forward for the integrator's ability of early-stage and actual on-site investigation, in order to fully protect the owner's control over the project and the right to know about the use of products, and avoid material waste and the risk of project investment

2) compared with economy, the welding process requires machines, consumables, time and personnel. On the whole, the pre connection method does not increase additional costs

3) easy to operate, easy to install, save installation time, just plug and play as needed

4) the loss test has been completed, the quality is stable, and the use of reliable pre connected optical cables is 100% tested by the factory, while the installation process does not add other products, and the on-site test is simple

5) the optical fiber link is fully protected, and there are no melting points and bare optical fibers exposed to the air, and there are no worries such as aging and joint breakage

6) the mechanical performance of the branching device of the pre connected optical cable is very excellent, and the maintenance or operation process will not affect the normal use of the optical fiber

7) it can be reinstalled and moved. The branch of the pre connected optical cable can be quickly and safely plugged and moved, and reinstalled as needed. Entering the market from the pre connection mode has been applied in the design and construction of optical fiber networks of many telecom operators, finance, education, public security, customs, enterprises, science and Technology Parks of the South China branch of the "National Engineering Research Center for engineering plastics" built in Tutang village, Changping Town. At the same time, it has also won high recognition and extensive praise from integrators and end customers, making us more confident, We hope that more users can have such a convenient, highly safe and excellent optical fiber network, because we always believe that network wiring is one of the most important parts of future applications. With a highly safe and reliable foundation, there will be more wonderful and excellent network applications. (end)